A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys

on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Background: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, version 5 (DSM-5) definition of agoraphobia (AG) as an independent diagnostic entity makes it timely to re-examine the epidemiology of AG. Study objective was to present representative data on the characteristics of individuals who meet DSM-IV criteria for AG (AG without a history of panic disorder [PD] and PD with AG) but not DSM-5 criteria, DSM-5 but not DSM-IV criteria, or both sets of criteria. Methods: Population-based surveys from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative including adult respondents (n = 136,357) from 27 countries across the world. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess AG and other disorders. Results: Lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-5 AG (1.5% and 1.0%) were comparable to DSM-IV (1.4% and 0.9%). Of respondents meeting criteria in either system, 57.1% met criteria in both, while 24.2% met criteria for DSM-5 only and 18.8% for DSM-IV only. Severe role impairment due to AG was reported by a lower proportion of respondents who met criteria only for DSM-IV AG (30.4%) than those with both DSM-5 and DSM-IV AG (44.0%; χ 21 = 4.7; P = 0.031). The proportion of cases with any comorbidity was lower among respondents who met criteria only for DSM-IV AG (78.7%) than those who met both sets (92.9%; χ 21= 14.5; P < 0.001). Conclusions: This first large survey shows that, compared to the DSM-IV, the DSM-5 identifies a substantial group of new cases with AG, while the prevalence rate remains stable at 1.5%. Severity and comorbidity are higher in individuals meeting DSM-5 AG criteria compared with individuals meeting DSM-IV AG criteria only.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)499-510
JournalDepression and Anxiety
Volume36
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jun 2019

Cite this

on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators (2019). A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys. Depression and Anxiety, 36(6), 499-510. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22885
on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators. / A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys. In: Depression and Anxiety. 2019 ; Vol. 36, No. 6. pp. 499-510.
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title = "A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys",
abstract = "Background: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, version 5 (DSM-5) definition of agoraphobia (AG) as an independent diagnostic entity makes it timely to re-examine the epidemiology of AG. Study objective was to present representative data on the characteristics of individuals who meet DSM-IV criteria for AG (AG without a history of panic disorder [PD] and PD with AG) but not DSM-5 criteria, DSM-5 but not DSM-IV criteria, or both sets of criteria. Methods: Population-based surveys from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative including adult respondents (n = 136,357) from 27 countries across the world. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess AG and other disorders. Results: Lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-5 AG (1.5{\%} and 1.0{\%}) were comparable to DSM-IV (1.4{\%} and 0.9{\%}). Of respondents meeting criteria in either system, 57.1{\%} met criteria in both, while 24.2{\%} met criteria for DSM-5 only and 18.8{\%} for DSM-IV only. Severe role impairment due to AG was reported by a lower proportion of respondents who met criteria only for DSM-IV AG (30.4{\%}) than those with both DSM-5 and DSM-IV AG (44.0{\%}; χ 21 = 4.7; P = 0.031). The proportion of cases with any comorbidity was lower among respondents who met criteria only for DSM-IV AG (78.7{\%}) than those who met both sets (92.9{\%}; χ 21= 14.5; P < 0.001). Conclusions: This first large survey shows that, compared to the DSM-IV, the DSM-5 identifies a substantial group of new cases with AG, while the prevalence rate remains stable at 1.5{\%}. Severity and comorbidity are higher in individuals meeting DSM-5 AG criteria compared with individuals meeting DSM-IV AG criteria only.",
author = "Roest, {Annelieke M.} and {de Vries}, {Ymkje Anna} and Lim, {Carmen C. W.} and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen and Stein, {Dan J.} and Tomasz Adamowski and Ali Al-Hamzawi and Bromet, {Evelyn J.} and Viana, {Maria Carmen} and {de Girolamo}, Giovanni and Koen Demyttenaere and Silvia Florescu and Oye Gureje and Haro, {Josep Maria} and Chiyi Hu and Karam, {Elie G.} and Caldas-de-Almeida, {Jos{\'e} Miguel} and Norito Kawakami and L{\'e}pine, {Jean Pierre} and Daphna Levinson and Medina-Mora, {Maria E.} and Fernando Navarro-Mateu and Siobhan O’Neill and Marina Piazza and Posada-Villa, {Jos{\'e} A.} and Tim Slade and Yolanda Torres and Kessler, {Ronald C.} and Scott, {Kate M.} and {de Jonge}, Peter and {on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators}",
year = "2019",
month = "6",
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language = "English",
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on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators 2019, 'A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys' Depression and Anxiety, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 499-510. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22885

A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys. / on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators.

In: Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 36, No. 6, 01.06.2019, p. 499-510.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys

AU - Roest, Annelieke M.

AU - de Vries, Ymkje Anna

AU - Lim, Carmen C. W.

AU - Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich

AU - Stein, Dan J.

AU - Adamowski, Tomasz

AU - Al-Hamzawi, Ali

AU - Bromet, Evelyn J.

AU - Viana, Maria Carmen

AU - de Girolamo, Giovanni

AU - Demyttenaere, Koen

AU - Florescu, Silvia

AU - Gureje, Oye

AU - Haro, Josep Maria

AU - Hu, Chiyi

AU - Karam, Elie G.

AU - Caldas-de-Almeida, José Miguel

AU - Kawakami, Norito

AU - Lépine, Jean Pierre

AU - Levinson, Daphna

AU - Medina-Mora, Maria E.

AU - Navarro-Mateu, Fernando

AU - O’Neill, Siobhan

AU - Piazza, Marina

AU - Posada-Villa, José A.

AU - Slade, Tim

AU - Torres, Yolanda

AU - Kessler, Ronald C.

AU - Scott, Kate M.

AU - de Jonge, Peter

AU - on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators

PY - 2019/6/1

Y1 - 2019/6/1

N2 - Background: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, version 5 (DSM-5) definition of agoraphobia (AG) as an independent diagnostic entity makes it timely to re-examine the epidemiology of AG. Study objective was to present representative data on the characteristics of individuals who meet DSM-IV criteria for AG (AG without a history of panic disorder [PD] and PD with AG) but not DSM-5 criteria, DSM-5 but not DSM-IV criteria, or both sets of criteria. Methods: Population-based surveys from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative including adult respondents (n = 136,357) from 27 countries across the world. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess AG and other disorders. Results: Lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-5 AG (1.5% and 1.0%) were comparable to DSM-IV (1.4% and 0.9%). Of respondents meeting criteria in either system, 57.1% met criteria in both, while 24.2% met criteria for DSM-5 only and 18.8% for DSM-IV only. Severe role impairment due to AG was reported by a lower proportion of respondents who met criteria only for DSM-IV AG (30.4%) than those with both DSM-5 and DSM-IV AG (44.0%; χ 21 = 4.7; P = 0.031). The proportion of cases with any comorbidity was lower among respondents who met criteria only for DSM-IV AG (78.7%) than those who met both sets (92.9%; χ 21= 14.5; P < 0.001). Conclusions: This first large survey shows that, compared to the DSM-IV, the DSM-5 identifies a substantial group of new cases with AG, while the prevalence rate remains stable at 1.5%. Severity and comorbidity are higher in individuals meeting DSM-5 AG criteria compared with individuals meeting DSM-IV AG criteria only.

AB - Background: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, version 5 (DSM-5) definition of agoraphobia (AG) as an independent diagnostic entity makes it timely to re-examine the epidemiology of AG. Study objective was to present representative data on the characteristics of individuals who meet DSM-IV criteria for AG (AG without a history of panic disorder [PD] and PD with AG) but not DSM-5 criteria, DSM-5 but not DSM-IV criteria, or both sets of criteria. Methods: Population-based surveys from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative including adult respondents (n = 136,357) from 27 countries across the world. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess AG and other disorders. Results: Lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-5 AG (1.5% and 1.0%) were comparable to DSM-IV (1.4% and 0.9%). Of respondents meeting criteria in either system, 57.1% met criteria in both, while 24.2% met criteria for DSM-5 only and 18.8% for DSM-IV only. Severe role impairment due to AG was reported by a lower proportion of respondents who met criteria only for DSM-IV AG (30.4%) than those with both DSM-5 and DSM-IV AG (44.0%; χ 21 = 4.7; P = 0.031). The proportion of cases with any comorbidity was lower among respondents who met criteria only for DSM-IV AG (78.7%) than those who met both sets (92.9%; χ 21= 14.5; P < 0.001). Conclusions: This first large survey shows that, compared to the DSM-IV, the DSM-5 identifies a substantial group of new cases with AG, while the prevalence rate remains stable at 1.5%. Severity and comorbidity are higher in individuals meeting DSM-5 AG criteria compared with individuals meeting DSM-IV AG criteria only.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85061342511&origin=inward

UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30726581

U2 - 10.1002/da.22885

DO - 10.1002/da.22885

M3 - Article

VL - 36

SP - 499

EP - 510

JO - Depression and Anxiety

JF - Depression and Anxiety

SN - 1091-4269

IS - 6

ER -

on behalf of the WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators. A comparison of DSM-5 and DSM-IV agoraphobia in the World Mental Health Surveys. Depression and Anxiety. 2019 Jun 1;36(6):499-510. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22885

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