A phenome-wide association and Mendelian Randomisation study of polygenic risk for depression in UK Biobank

Xueyi Shen; David M. Howard; Mark J. Adams; W. David Hill; Toni Kim Clarke; Andrew M. McIntosh; Ian J. Deary; Heather C. Whalley; Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16022-0

A phenome-wide association and Mendelian Randomisation study of polygenic risk for depression in UK Biobank

Xueyi Shen, David M. Howard, Mark J. Adams, W. David Hill, Toni Kim Clarke, Andrew M. McIntosh^*, Ian J. Deary, Heather C. Whalley, Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

Depression is a leading cause of worldwide disability but there remains considerable uncertainty regarding its neural and behavioural associations. Here, using non-overlapping Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) datasets as a reference, we estimate polygenic risk scores for depression (depression-PRS) in a discovery (N = 10,674) and replication (N = 11,214) imaging sample from UK Biobank. We report 77 traits that are significantly associated with depression-PRS, in both discovery and replication analyses. Mendelian Randomisation analysis supports a potential causal effect of liability to depression on brain white matter microstructure (β: 0.125 to 0.868, p_FDR < 0.043). Several behavioural traits are also associated with depression-PRS (β: 0.014 to 0.180, p_FDR: 0.049 to 1.28 × 10⁻¹⁴) and we find a significant and positive interaction between depression-PRS and adverse environmental exposures on mental health outcomes. This study reveals replicable associations between depression-PRS and white matter microstructure. Our results indicate that white matter microstructure differences may be a causal consequence of liability to depression.

Original language	English
Article number	2301
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	11
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16022-0
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2020

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10.1038/s41467-020-16022-0

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Shen, X., Howard, D. M., Adams, M. J., Hill, W. D., Clarke, T. K., McIntosh, A. M., Deary, I. J., Whalley, H. C., & Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (2020). A phenome-wide association and Mendelian Randomisation study of polygenic risk for depression in UK Biobank. Nature Communications, 11(1), [2301]. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16022-0

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title = "A phenome-wide association and Mendelian Randomisation study of polygenic risk for depression in UK Biobank",

abstract = "Depression is a leading cause of worldwide disability but there remains considerable uncertainty regarding its neural and behavioural associations. Here, using non-overlapping Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) datasets as a reference, we estimate polygenic risk scores for depression (depression-PRS) in a discovery (N = 10,674) and replication (N = 11,214) imaging sample from UK Biobank. We report 77 traits that are significantly associated with depression-PRS, in both discovery and replication analyses. Mendelian Randomisation analysis supports a potential causal effect of liability to depression on brain white matter microstructure (β: 0.125 to 0.868, pFDR < 0.043). Several behavioural traits are also associated with depression-PRS (β: 0.014 to 0.180, pFDR: 0.049 to 1.28 × 10−14) and we find a significant and positive interaction between depression-PRS and adverse environmental exposures on mental health outcomes. This study reveals replicable associations between depression-PRS and white matter microstructure. Our results indicate that white matter microstructure differences may be a causal consequence of liability to depression.",

author = "Xueyi Shen and Howard, {David M.} and Adams, {Mark J.} and Hill, {W. David} and Clarke, {Toni Kim} and McIntosh, {Andrew M.} and Deary, {Ian J.} and Wray, {Naomi R.} and Stephan Ripke and Manuel Mattheisen and Maciej Trzaskowski and Byrne, {Enda M.} and Abdel Abdellaoui and Esben Agerbo and Air, {Tracy M.} and Andlauer, {Till F.M.} and Bacanu, {Silviu Alin} and Marie B{\ae}kvad-Hansen and Beekman, {Aartjan T.F.} and Bigdeli, {Tim B.} and Binder, {Elisabeth B.} and Julien Bryois and Buttensch{\o}n, {Henriette N.} and Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm and Na Cai and Enrique Castelao and Christensen, {Jane Hvarregaard} and Coleman, {Jonathan R.I.} and Luc{\'i}a Colodro-Conde and Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne and Nick Craddock and Crawford, {Gregory E.} and Gail Davies and Franziska Degenhardt and Derks, {Eske M.} and Nese Direk and Dolan, {Conor V.} and Dunn, {Erin C.} and Eley, {Thalia C.} and Valentina Escott-Price and Kiadeh, {Farnush Farhadi Hassan} and Finucane, {Hilary K.} and Foo, {Jerome C.} and Forstner, {Andreas J.} and Josef Frank and Gaspar, {H{\'e}l{\'e}na A.} and Michael Gill and Goes, {Fernando S.} and Gordon, {Scott D.} and Jakob Grove and Hall, {Lynsey S.} and Hansen, {Christine S{\o}holm} and Hansen, {Thomas F.} and Stefan Herms and Hickie, {Ian B.} and Per Hoffmann and Georg Homuth and Carsten Horn and Hottenga, {Jouke Jan} and Hougaard, {David M.} and Marcus Ising and Rick Jansen and Ian Jones and Jones, {Lisa A.} and Eric Jorgenson and Knowles, {James A.} and Kohane, {Isaac S.} and Julia Kraft and Kretzschmar, {Warren W.} and Zolt{\'a}n Kutalik and Yihan Li and Lind, {Penelope A.} and MacIntyre, {Donald J.} and MacKinnon, {Dean F.} and Maier, {Robert M.} and Wolfgang Maier and Jonathan Marchini and Hamdi Mbarek and Patrick McGrath and Peter McGuffin and Medland, {Sarah E.} and Divya Mehta and Middeldorp, {Christel M.} and Evelin Mihailov and Yuri Milaneschi and Lili Milani and Mondimore, {Francis M.} and Montgomery, {Grant W.} and Sara Mostafavi and Niamh Mullins and Matthias Nauck and Bernard Ng and Nivard, {Michel G.} and Nyholt, {Dale R.} and O{\textquoteright}Reilly, {Paul F.} and Hogni Oskarsson and Owen, {Michael J.} and Painter, {Jodie N.} and Pedersen, {Carsten B{\o}cker} and Pedersen, {Marianne Gi{\o}rtz} and Peterson, {Roseann E.} and Erik Pettersson and Peyrot, {Wouter J.} and Giorgio Pistis and Danielle Posthuma and Quiroz, {Jorge A.} and Per Qvist and Rice, {John P.} and Riley, {Brien P.} and Margarita Rivera and Mirza, {Saira Saeed} and Robert Schoevers and Schulte, {Eva C.} and Ling Shen and Jianxin Shi and Shyn, {Stanley I.} and Engilbert Sigurdsson and Sinnamon, {Grant C.B.} and Smit, {Johannes H.} and Smith, {Daniel J.} and Hreinn Stefansson and Stacy Steinberg and Fabian Streit and Jana Strohmaier and Tansey, {Katherine E.} and Henning Teismann and Alexander Teumer and Wesley Thompson and Thomson, {Pippa A.} and Thorgeirsson, {Thorgeir E.} and Matthew Traylor and Jens Treutlein and Vassily Trubetskoy and Uitterlinden, {Andr{\'e}s G.} and Daniel Umbricht and Auwera, {Sandra Van der} and {van Hemert}, {Albert M.} and Alexander Viktorin and Visscher, {Peter M.} and Yunpeng Wang and Webb, {Bradley T.} and Weinsheimer, {Shantel Marie} and J{\"u}rgen Wellmann and Gonneke Willemsen and Witt, {Stephanie H.} and Yang Wu and Xi, {Hualin S.} and Jian Yang and Futao Zhang and Volker Arolt and Baune, {Bernhard T.} and Klaus Berger and Boomsma, {Dorret I.} and Sven Cichon and Udo Dannlowski and {de Geus}, {E. J.C.} and DePaulo, {J. Raymond} and Enrico Domenici and Katharina Domschke and T{\~o}nu Esko and Grabe, {Hans J.} and Hamilton, {Steven P.} and Caroline Hayward and Heath, {Andrew C.} and Kendler, {Kenneth S.} and Stefan Kloiber and Glyn Lewis and Li, {Qingqin S.} and Susanne Lucae and Madden, {Pamela A.F.} and Magnusson, {Patrik K.} and Martin, {Nicholas G.} and Andres Metspalu and Ole Mors and Mortensen, {Preben Bo} and Bertram M{\"u}ller-Myhsok and Merete Nordentoft and N{\"o}then, {Markus M.} and O{\textquoteright}Donovan, {Michael C.} and Paciga, {Sara A.} and Pedersen, {Nancy L.} and Penninx, {Brenda W.J.H.} and Perlis, {Roy H.} and Porteous, {David J.} and Potash, {James B.} and Martin Preisig and Marcella Rietschel and Catherine Schaefer and Schulze, {Thomas G.} and Smoller, {Jordan W.} and Kari Stefansson and Henning Tiemeier and Rudolf Uher and Henry V{\"o}lzke and Weissman, {Myrna M.} and Thomas Werge and Lewis, {Cathryn M.} and Levinson, {Douglas F.} and Gerome Breen and B{\o}rglum, {Anders D.} and Sullivan, {Patrick F.} and Whalley, {Heather C.} and {Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium}",

year = "2020",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1038/s41467-020-16022-0",

language = "English",

volume = "11",

journal = "Nature Communications",

issn = "2041-1723",

publisher = "Nature Publishing Group UK",

number = "1",

}

Shen, X, Howard, DM, Adams, MJ, Hill, WD, Clarke, TK, McIntosh, AM, Deary, IJ, Whalley, HC & Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium 2020, 'A phenome-wide association and Mendelian Randomisation study of polygenic risk for depression in UK Biobank', Nature Communications, vol. 11, no. 1, 2301. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16022-0

TY - JOUR

T1 - A phenome-wide association and Mendelian Randomisation study of polygenic risk for depression in UK Biobank

AU - Shen, Xueyi

AU - Howard, David M.

AU - Adams, Mark J.

AU - Hill, W. David

AU - Clarke, Toni Kim

AU - McIntosh, Andrew M.

AU - Deary, Ian J.

AU - Wray, Naomi R.

AU - Ripke, Stephan

AU - Mattheisen, Manuel

AU - Trzaskowski, Maciej

AU - Byrne, Enda M.

AU - Abdellaoui, Abdel

AU - Agerbo, Esben

AU - Air, Tracy M.

AU - Andlauer, Till F.M.

AU - Bacanu, Silviu Alin

AU - Bækvad-Hansen, Marie

AU - Beekman, Aartjan T.F.

AU - Bigdeli, Tim B.

AU - Binder, Elisabeth B.

AU - Bryois, Julien

AU - Buttenschøn, Henriette N.

AU - Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas

AU - Cai, Na

AU - Castelao, Enrique

AU - Christensen, Jane Hvarregaard

AU - Coleman, Jonathan R.I.

AU - Colodro-Conde, Lucía

AU - Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste

AU - Craddock, Nick

AU - Crawford, Gregory E.

AU - Davies, Gail

AU - Degenhardt, Franziska

AU - Derks, Eske M.

AU - Direk, Nese

AU - Dolan, Conor V.

AU - Dunn, Erin C.

AU - Eley, Thalia C.

AU - Escott-Price, Valentina

AU - Kiadeh, Farnush Farhadi Hassan

AU - Finucane, Hilary K.

AU - Foo, Jerome C.

AU - Forstner, Andreas J.

AU - Frank, Josef

AU - Gaspar, Héléna A.

AU - Gill, Michael

AU - Goes, Fernando S.

AU - Gordon, Scott D.

AU - Grove, Jakob

AU - Hall, Lynsey S.

AU - Hansen, Christine Søholm

AU - Hansen, Thomas F.

AU - Herms, Stefan

AU - Hickie, Ian B.

AU - Hoffmann, Per

AU - Homuth, Georg

AU - Horn, Carsten

AU - Hottenga, Jouke Jan

AU - Hougaard, David M.

AU - Ising, Marcus

AU - Jansen, Rick

AU - Jones, Ian

AU - Jones, Lisa A.

AU - Jorgenson, Eric

AU - Knowles, James A.

AU - Kohane, Isaac S.

AU - Kraft, Julia

AU - Kretzschmar, Warren W.

AU - Kutalik, Zoltán

AU - Li, Yihan

AU - Lind, Penelope A.

AU - MacIntyre, Donald J.

AU - MacKinnon, Dean F.

AU - Maier, Robert M.

AU - Maier, Wolfgang

AU - Marchini, Jonathan

AU - Mbarek, Hamdi

AU - McGrath, Patrick

AU - McGuffin, Peter

AU - Medland, Sarah E.

AU - Mehta, Divya

AU - Middeldorp, Christel M.

AU - Mihailov, Evelin

AU - Milaneschi, Yuri

AU - Milani, Lili

AU - Mondimore, Francis M.

AU - Montgomery, Grant W.

AU - Mostafavi, Sara

AU - Mullins, Niamh

AU - Nauck, Matthias

AU - Ng, Bernard

AU - Nivard, Michel G.

AU - Nyholt, Dale R.

AU - O’Reilly, Paul F.

AU - Oskarsson, Hogni

AU - Owen, Michael J.

AU - Painter, Jodie N.

AU - Pedersen, Carsten Bøcker

AU - Pedersen, Marianne Giørtz

AU - Peterson, Roseann E.

AU - Pettersson, Erik

AU - Peyrot, Wouter J.

AU - Pistis, Giorgio

AU - Posthuma, Danielle

AU - Quiroz, Jorge A.

AU - Qvist, Per

AU - Rice, John P.

AU - Riley, Brien P.

AU - Rivera, Margarita

AU - Mirza, Saira Saeed

AU - Schoevers, Robert

AU - Schulte, Eva C.

AU - Shen, Ling

AU - Shi, Jianxin

AU - Shyn, Stanley I.

AU - Sigurdsson, Engilbert

AU - Sinnamon, Grant C.B.

AU - Smit, Johannes H.

AU - Smith, Daniel J.

AU - Stefansson, Hreinn

AU - Steinberg, Stacy

AU - Streit, Fabian

AU - Strohmaier, Jana

AU - Tansey, Katherine E.

AU - Teismann, Henning

AU - Teumer, Alexander

AU - Thompson, Wesley

AU - Thomson, Pippa A.

AU - Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E.

AU - Traylor, Matthew

AU - Treutlein, Jens

AU - Trubetskoy, Vassily

AU - Uitterlinden, Andrés G.

AU - Umbricht, Daniel

AU - Auwera, Sandra Van der

AU - van Hemert, Albert M.

AU - Viktorin, Alexander

AU - Visscher, Peter M.

AU - Wang, Yunpeng

AU - Webb, Bradley T.

AU - Weinsheimer, Shantel Marie

AU - Wellmann, Jürgen

AU - Willemsen, Gonneke

AU - Witt, Stephanie H.

AU - Wu, Yang

AU - Xi, Hualin S.

AU - Yang, Jian

AU - Zhang, Futao

AU - Arolt, Volker

AU - Baune, Bernhard T.

AU - Berger, Klaus

AU - Boomsma, Dorret I.

AU - Cichon, Sven

AU - Dannlowski, Udo

AU - de Geus, E. J.C.

AU - DePaulo, J. Raymond

AU - Domenici, Enrico

AU - Domschke, Katharina

AU - Esko, Tõnu

AU - Grabe, Hans J.

AU - Hamilton, Steven P.

AU - Hayward, Caroline

AU - Heath, Andrew C.

AU - Kendler, Kenneth S.

AU - Kloiber, Stefan

AU - Lewis, Glyn

AU - Li, Qingqin S.

AU - Lucae, Susanne

AU - Madden, Pamela A.F.

AU - Magnusson, Patrik K.

AU - Martin, Nicholas G.

AU - Metspalu, Andres

AU - Mors, Ole

AU - Mortensen, Preben Bo

AU - Müller-Myhsok, Bertram

AU - Nordentoft, Merete

AU - Nöthen, Markus M.

AU - O’Donovan, Michael C.

AU - Paciga, Sara A.

AU - Pedersen, Nancy L.

AU - Penninx, Brenda W.J.H.

AU - Perlis, Roy H.

AU - Porteous, David J.

AU - Potash, James B.

AU - Preisig, Martin

AU - Rietschel, Marcella

AU - Schaefer, Catherine

AU - Schulze, Thomas G.

AU - Smoller, Jordan W.

AU - Stefansson, Kari

AU - Tiemeier, Henning

AU - Uher, Rudolf

AU - Völzke, Henry

AU - Weissman, Myrna M.

AU - Werge, Thomas

AU - Lewis, Cathryn M.

AU - Levinson, Douglas F.

AU - Breen, Gerome

AU - Børglum, Anders D.

AU - Sullivan, Patrick F.

AU - Whalley, Heather C.

AU - Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

PY - 2020/12/1

Y1 - 2020/12/1

N2 - Depression is a leading cause of worldwide disability but there remains considerable uncertainty regarding its neural and behavioural associations. Here, using non-overlapping Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) datasets as a reference, we estimate polygenic risk scores for depression (depression-PRS) in a discovery (N = 10,674) and replication (N = 11,214) imaging sample from UK Biobank. We report 77 traits that are significantly associated with depression-PRS, in both discovery and replication analyses. Mendelian Randomisation analysis supports a potential causal effect of liability to depression on brain white matter microstructure (β: 0.125 to 0.868, pFDR < 0.043). Several behavioural traits are also associated with depression-PRS (β: 0.014 to 0.180, pFDR: 0.049 to 1.28 × 10−14) and we find a significant and positive interaction between depression-PRS and adverse environmental exposures on mental health outcomes. This study reveals replicable associations between depression-PRS and white matter microstructure. Our results indicate that white matter microstructure differences may be a causal consequence of liability to depression.

AB - Depression is a leading cause of worldwide disability but there remains considerable uncertainty regarding its neural and behavioural associations. Here, using non-overlapping Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) datasets as a reference, we estimate polygenic risk scores for depression (depression-PRS) in a discovery (N = 10,674) and replication (N = 11,214) imaging sample from UK Biobank. We report 77 traits that are significantly associated with depression-PRS, in both discovery and replication analyses. Mendelian Randomisation analysis supports a potential causal effect of liability to depression on brain white matter microstructure (β: 0.125 to 0.868, pFDR < 0.043). Several behavioural traits are also associated with depression-PRS (β: 0.014 to 0.180, pFDR: 0.049 to 1.28 × 10−14) and we find a significant and positive interaction between depression-PRS and adverse environmental exposures on mental health outcomes. This study reveals replicable associations between depression-PRS and white matter microstructure. Our results indicate that white matter microstructure differences may be a causal consequence of liability to depression.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084721245&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-020-16022-0

DO - 10.1038/s41467-020-16022-0

M3 - Article

C2 - 32385265

AN - SCOPUS:85084721245

VL - 11

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

SN - 2041-1723

IS - 1

M1 - 2301

ER -

A phenome-wide association and Mendelian Randomisation study of polygenic risk for depression in UK Biobank

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