TY - JOUR
T1 - Closed system anaesthesia--historical aspects and recent developments
AU - Schober, P
AU - Loer, S A
PY - 2006/11
Y1 - 2006/11
N2 - Closed circuit anaesthesia was described decades ago but did not achieve wide popularity among anaesthesiologists mainly because reliable control of inspiratory gas concentrations was not possible. Recent innovations including fast gas analysers, electronically controlled dosage systems and algorithms for feedback control have made possible the development of sophisticated closed circuit ventilators designed for routine clinical practice. The main advantages comprise economic use of medical gases and volatile anaesthetics, reduction of anaesthetic gas loss into the atmosphere, improved airway acclimatization as well as estimations of oxygen consumption. This article reviews historical aspects, recent developments as well as advantages and limitations of closed system anaesthesia.
AB - Closed circuit anaesthesia was described decades ago but did not achieve wide popularity among anaesthesiologists mainly because reliable control of inspiratory gas concentrations was not possible. Recent innovations including fast gas analysers, electronically controlled dosage systems and algorithms for feedback control have made possible the development of sophisticated closed circuit ventilators designed for routine clinical practice. The main advantages comprise economic use of medical gases and volatile anaesthetics, reduction of anaesthetic gas loss into the atmosphere, improved airway acclimatization as well as estimations of oxygen consumption. This article reviews historical aspects, recent developments as well as advantages and limitations of closed system anaesthesia.
KW - Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit/history
KW - Anesthesia, Inhalation/history
KW - Anesthetics, Inhalation/administration & dosage
KW - History, 15th Century
KW - History, 16th Century
KW - History, 17th Century
KW - History, 18th Century
KW - History, 19th Century
KW - History, 20th Century
KW - History, 21st Century
KW - Humans
KW - Monitoring, Physiologic/methods
KW - Ventilators, Mechanical/history
U2 - 10.1017/S0265021506000871
DO - 10.1017/S0265021506000871
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16780617
VL - 23
SP - 914
EP - 920
JO - European Journal of Anaesthesiology
JF - European Journal of Anaesthesiology
SN - 0265-0215
IS - 11
ER -