TY - JOUR
T1 - Intercellular transport of MicroRNAs
AU - Boon, Reinier A.
AU - Vickers, Kasey C.
PY - 2013/2/1
Y1 - 2013/2/1
N2 - Extracellular microRNAs (miRNA) are present in most biological fluids, relatively stable, and hold great potential for disease biomarkers and novel therapeutics. Circulating miRNAs are transported by membrane-derived vesicles (exosomes and microparticles), lipoproteins, and other ribonucleoprotein complexes. Evidence suggests that miRNAs are selectively exported from cells with distinct signatures that have been found to be altered in many pathophysiologies, including cardiovascular disease. Protected from plasma ribonucleases by their carriers, functional miRNAs are delivered to recipient cells by various routes. Transferred miRNAs use cellular machinery to reduce target gene expression and alter cellular phenotype. Similar to soluble factors, miRNAs mediate cell-to-cell communication linking disparate cell types, diverse biological mechanisms, and homeostatic pathways. Although significant advances have been made, miRNA intercellular communication is full of complexities and many questions remain. This review brings into focus what is currently known and outstanding in a novel field of study with applicability to cardiovascular disease.
AB - Extracellular microRNAs (miRNA) are present in most biological fluids, relatively stable, and hold great potential for disease biomarkers and novel therapeutics. Circulating miRNAs are transported by membrane-derived vesicles (exosomes and microparticles), lipoproteins, and other ribonucleoprotein complexes. Evidence suggests that miRNAs are selectively exported from cells with distinct signatures that have been found to be altered in many pathophysiologies, including cardiovascular disease. Protected from plasma ribonucleases by their carriers, functional miRNAs are delivered to recipient cells by various routes. Transferred miRNAs use cellular machinery to reduce target gene expression and alter cellular phenotype. Similar to soluble factors, miRNAs mediate cell-to-cell communication linking disparate cell types, diverse biological mechanisms, and homeostatic pathways. Although significant advances have been made, miRNA intercellular communication is full of complexities and many questions remain. This review brings into focus what is currently known and outstanding in a novel field of study with applicability to cardiovascular disease.
KW - exosomes
KW - extracellular RNA
KW - high-density lipoprotein
KW - intercellular communication
KW - microparticles
KW - microRNA
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84872932538&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300139
DO - 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300139
M3 - Article
C2 - 23325475
AN - SCOPUS:84872932538
VL - 33
SP - 186
EP - 192
JO - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
JF - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
SN - 1079-5642
IS - 2
ER -