Abstract
Renal impairment in children is associated with
tooth defects that include enamel pitting and hypoplasia.
However, the specific effects of uremia on tooth formation
are not known. In this study, we used rat mandibular incisors,
which continuously erupt and contain all stages of tooth
formation, to characterize the effects of uremia on tooth
formation. We also tested the hypothesis that uremia
aggravates the fluoride (F)-induced changes in developing
teeth. Rats were subjected to a two-stage 5/6 nephrectomy or
sham operation and then exposed to 0 (control) or 50 ppm
NaF in drinking water for 14 days. The effects of these
treatments on food intake, body growth rate, and biochemical
serum parameters for renal function and calcium
metabolism were monitored. Nephrectomy reduced food
intake and weight gain. Intake of F by nephrectomized rats
increased plasma F levels twofold and further decreased food
intake and body weight gain. Uremia affected formation of
dentin and enamel and was more extensive than the effect of
F alone. Uremia also significantly increased predentin width
and induced deposition of large amounts of osteodentin-like
matrix-containing cells in the pulp chamber. In enamel
formation, the cells most sensitive to uremia were the
transitional-stage ameloblasts. These data demonstrate that
intake of F by rats with reduced renal function impairs F
clearance from the plasma and aggravates the already
negative effects of uremia on incisor tooth development.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Pediatric Nephrology |
Volume | 23 |
Publication status | Published - 2008 |